The recent Iran-Israel conflict has shaken global security, with ripple effects reaching as far as the Indian Ocean region. As tensions rise—including attacks on US bases and renewed military posturing—the strategic role of the Diego Garcia military base, located on territory claimed by Mauritius, has come under fresh examination. Although Mauritius is geographically distant from the Middle East, our island’s proximity to this key American base and critical shipping lanes means we cannot ignore the potential threats to Indian Ocean security. This article explores how the unfolding conflict might directly or indirectly affect Mauritius’ security, economy, and diplomatic relations.
The Diego Garcia military base, located on the Chagos Archipelago, has long been a key military asset for both the United States and the United Kingdom, serving as a launch point for operations in the Middle East and beyond. However, the base is built on territory that Mauritius has claimed as its own, and both the International Court of Justice (ICJ) and the United Nations have supported Mauritius’ claim to sovereignty. Despite these rulings, Diego Garcia has continued to operate as a major US military base. In 2019, the ICJ confirmed that the UK’s continued control of the Chagos Archipelago was unlawful.
In May 2025, the UK and Mauritius reached a historic agreement: the UK agreed to transfer sovereignty of the Chagos Archipelago to Mauritius, but will keep a 99-year lease on Diego Garcia for military use. As part of this deal, Mauritius will receive a compensation package from the UK, including annual payments of up to £165 million in the first years, as well as additional funds to support the Chagossian community and economic development in Mauritius.
The Iran-Israel conflict has intensified throughout June 2025, raising fears of a broader war—even the possibility of World War 3. On June 13, Israel launched major airstrikes on Iranian nuclear facilities, followed by US strikes and Iran’s retaliatory missile attacks on Israel and US bases. Despite a US-brokered ceasefire, the situation remains tense, with continued violations and military posturing.
Diego Garcia, the US-UK military base on the Chagos Archipelago, is now a focal point. Recent satellite images from June 19–22 show a buildup of US B-52 and B-2 bombers, F-15 fighter jets, and refuelling aircraft at the base. The US has reinforced Diego Garcia’s defences since May, underlining its strategic importance for projecting power in the Middle East and Indian Ocean.
This military escalation has direct implications for Mauritius and global trade. The Indian Ocean is a vital shipping corridor, and any conflict or disruption near Diego Garcia threatens to increase shipping costs, delay cargo, and impact Mauritius’ trade-dependent economy.
Although Mauritius enjoys a well-earned reputation for peace and stability. However, our region could attract unwanted attention in the event of escalating conflict. With the Iran-Israel war 2025 intensifying, any military operations launched from Diego Garcia could make the base a potential target. This would indirectly raise security risks for surrounding territories, including Mauritius, which lies within the broader sphere of Indian Ocean geopolitics.
The Indian Ocean is vital for global shipping, connecting Asia, Africa, and the West. An expansion of the Iran-Israel conflict or threats near strategic transit points could disrupt shipping lanes, drive up marine insurance premiums, and affect Mauritius’ trade-dependent economy. Our island’s position as a safe and reliable partner in international trade could face challenges if regional tensions persist.
Tourism and foreign investment are vital to Mauritius’ economy, both relying on the island’s reputation for peace and stability. However, with the Iran-Israel war unfolding and Diego Garcia’s possible involvement in military operations, there is a real risk that international perceptions of regional safety could change.
Tourists are often sensitive to news of instability, and even the suggestion of nearby conflict can lead to travel advisories, flight disruptions, or cancelled bookings. This is especially concerning as Mauritius is already facing fewer European visitors and has recently introduced a new tourist tax fee, making it even more important to maintain a positive image.
Similarly, investors seek stable environments for their capital. Any sign of regional tension or military activity can make them hesitant to invest or even prompt them to withdraw existing funds. Mauritius is currently dealing with economic challenges such as rising public debt and a downgraded economic outlook, so any additional uncertainty could further damage investor confidence.
The complex situation also brings diplomatic risks. Mauritius must carefully navigate its historic ties with Western powers—including the US and UK, operators of Diego Garcia—while strengthening partnerships with countries across the Middle East, Asia, and Africa. Additionally, Mauritius’ sovereignty claims over the Chagos Archipelago, add another layer of complexity. The situation demands skilful diplomacy to uphold neutrality, protect our national interests, and assert our legal rights without becoming entangled in the wider conflict.
Mauritius, though geographically distant from the Middle East, is not immune to the consequences of the Iran-Israel war. With Diego Garcia playing a pivotal role as a US military base in the Indian Ocean. Our island nation faces unique geopolitical challenges. Our economic lifelines depend on secure maritime routes and a stable regional environment. It is essential for both government and the private sector to remain vigilant, plan for potential scenarios, strengthen crisis response strategies, and uphold Mauritius’ image as a neutral, stable partner committed to protecting its sovereignty while navigating these uncertain times.
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